#游山玩水:<div><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><div style="width: 300px;font-size: 14px;border: 1px solid green;"><a target="_blank" style="background-color: #fff;margin: 2px;display: block;overflow: hidden;" href="http://blog.sina.cn/dpool/blog/s/blog_4ca9924e0102wlan.html"><h4 style="font-weight: 400;font-size: 14px;margin-bottom: 10px;color: #333;">英国和印度对寡妇殉葬的习俗_杰罗德</h4><p style="overflow: hidden;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.6;color: #888;max-height: 5em;word-break: break-all;">http://blog.sina.cn/dpool/blog/s/blog_4ca9924e0102wlan.html</p></a></div><br></span></div><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><div><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);">(转一篇)</span></div><div><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><br></span></div>1817年印度被殖民期间,英国人发现印度有钱人有男人先死,追悼会上顺便烧老婆殉葬的习俗。</span><br style="line-height: 2.44em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><div class="slide-pic" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"></div><br style="line-height: 2.44em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);">在早先的古印度时期,寡妇是可以改嫁的,公元2世纪以后才慢慢的演变成寡妇不许改嫁,以后的规定日渐严苛,高等级家族的妻子必须殉葬,殉葬制度又称娑提。</span><br style="line-height: 2.44em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);">娑提是古印度神话故事中的一名年轻女神,正式名称为达刹约尼(दाक्षायनि / Dākshāyani),印度神话中女天神提毗的一员,司婚姻幸福及长寿,印度妇女经常供奉她,以求自己丈夫的长寿。</span><br style="line-height: 2.44em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);">神话中因家人侮辱她的意中人湿婆神,娑提跳入圣火中自杀,灵魂转世为雪山神女并与湿婆再度结婚。</span><br style="line-height: 2.44em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><br style="line-height: 2.44em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);">印度人相信一个殉葬的妇女将能够升上天堂。殉葬者要穿上当新娘时的全套盛装,坐上柴堆,然后再点火,可能跟死去的夫婿一起烧化,或单独自焚。如果死者多妻,则正妻才有资格与丈夫一起殉葬,其余妻子要单独自焚。</span><br style="line-height: 2.44em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);">「环游地球80天」都看过吧,布鲁斯南的老婆就是从殉葬主角的火堆上面抢救下来的。</span><br style="line-height: 2.44em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><br style="line-height: 2.44em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);">当时平均每天有2个寡妇被烧,光1819年孟加拉邦有统计的就有839名寡妇殉夫,大部分是被迫的。</span><br style="line-height: 2.44em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);">到了1829年英国人实在看不下去了,官方宣布殉葬非法,于是印度人就怒了,说这是印度教的文化,宗教信仰你必须尊重。</span><br style="line-height: 2.44em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);">甚至有部分印度妇女上街示威游行,要求还妇女以 </span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);">殉夫的权利。。。</span><br style="line-height: 2.44em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);">抗议到后来英国人也妥协了,说我尊重你们的文化,你们喜欢烧就烧吧,反正是你们印度教自己的文化,民族习惯,宗教信仰最大嘛。</span><br style="line-height: 2.44em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);">这事就这样了,但是你们印度人是不是也得尊重一下我们英国的文化和习俗,我们这边也有个习俗就是谁被我知道组织烧寡妇的,我们作为合法政府就吊死谁,你按你的文化习俗办,我也按我的文化习俗办,皆大欢喜啊。</span><br style="line-height: 2.44em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);">然后就不烧了,至少是不敢公开烧了。。。</span><br style="line-height: 2.44em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);">有孩子的寡妇是不必殉葬的。废除寡妇殉葬的主要发起人,恰恰是十九世纪初英国废奴运动的先驱威廉·威尔伯福斯。1829年下令禁止寡妇殉葬的是东印度公司的孟加拉总督威廉·本廷克。但英国法律的力量只限及英属印度的11个省,对600多个土邦国是无权干涉的,只能用文明开化等理由设法劝土邦主下令禁止</span><br style="line-height: 2.44em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, STHeiTi, "Microsoft YaHei"; font-size: 16.96px; background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);">本廷克还下令禁止杀人祭祀,禁止溺婴,禁止以宗教名义抢劫杀人。所以马克思说英国在印度要完成双重的使命:一个是破坏性的使命,即消灭旧的亚洲式的社会;另一个是建设性的使命,即在亚洲为西方式的社会奠定物质基础</span><br>